Combined atomizer and vaporizer for oil engines



Aug. 7, 1923.

A. C. SMITH COMBINED ATOMIZER AND VAPORIZEH FOR OIL ENGINES 2Sheets-Sheet 1 Filed March 5. 1921 ATTORNEYS Aug. 7, 1923.

A. C. SMITH COMBINED ATOMIZER AND VAPORIZER FOR OIL ENGINES 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed March 5. 1921 Y Ill/VENTUR- A. 6.6 2%

BY vflw 6 flTTOR/VEYS Patented 7,

OUEL'JBIHUJED AILQILIXZIER FOR @111 EFITGENEQ.

Application died Hat-eh 5, rear.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, An'rnon Cmons SMITH, a citizen of the United States,and a resident of Colorado Sprin s, in the county of El Paso and Stateof olorado, have invented certain new and useful Improvements inCombined Atomizers and Vaporizers for @il Engines, of which thefollowing is a specification.

My invention relates to combined atomizers and Vaporizers adapted foruse in conjunction with oil en ines, and it contour plates certain newand useful improvements over the atomizer and vaporizer embodied in myco-pending application Serial No. 395 709, filed Ju1y12, 1920.

The purpose of my present invention is the provision of a combinedatomizer and vaporizer including atomizing and vaporizing members one ofwhich is movably associated with the other to occupy positions whereinthe atomized oil is injected either into the vaporized member ordirectly into the cylinder of the engine, so that when starting theengine or when the latter is run ning under a light load, the vaporizingmember is employed to efiect a thorough vaporization of the fuel, whileon the other hand when the engine is heated sufiiciently to effeet theflashing of oil as it is introduced into the cylinder or when the engineis running under a heavy load, the oil can be ejected directly into thecylinder and without contacting with the vaporizer.

I will describe one form of combined atomizer and-vaporizer embodying myinvention and one form of oil engine to which it is adapted to beapplied, and will then point out the novel features thereof in claims. H

In the accompanying drawings:

Figure 1 is a view showing partly in longitudinal section a conventionalform of 011 engine having applied thereto one form'ot combined atomizerand vaporizer embodying my invention.

Figure 2 is an enlarged fragmentary sectional view of the vaporizingmember in its applied position within the engine.

Figure 3 is a transverse sectional view taken on the line 3--3 of Figure1.

Figure 41 is a transverse sectional view taken on the line H of Figure2.

Figure 5 is an enlarged detail view showing in longitudinal section theatomizing herlai Ho. dthham.

member shown in Figure 1 and in operative relation to the confrontingend of the vaporizing member.

Figures 6 and 7 are sectional views taken on the lines 66 and 7-7 ofFigures 5 and 1, respectively.

Figure 8 is an enlarged detail perspective view of the nozzle comprisedin the atomizing member shown in Figure 5.

Similar reference characters refer to similar parts in each of theseveral views.

Referring specifically to the drawings and particularly to Figures 1 and7, the combined atomizer and vaporizer forming the subject matter of mypresent invention essentially consist of an atomizing member A and avaporizing member V both of which are adapted to be removably associatedwith the explosive end of any conventional form of oil engine. As shownin Figure 5, the atomizing member A in the present instance comprises anelongated body 15 formed with a longitudinally extending duct l5 whichcommunicates at one end with an oil supply pipe 16, the latter in turnbeing connected to an oil injection pump (not shown) of any standardform. The opposite end of the duct '15 communicates with a chamber 15",the outer end portion of which is of increased diameter with its wallthreaded to receive a nozzle 17. As shown in Figures 5 and 8, the nozzle17 consists of a round body formed at one end with an annular flange 17carrying a pin 17 which is adapted to seat within a suitable recessformed in the body 15 for locking the nozzle as a unit against rotation.As shown in Figuref), the nozzle is formed with a diagonally extendingduct 17 which communicates at one end with a d-shaped recess 17 in suchmanner that any liquid traversing the duct will impingeupon one inclinedwall of the recess so as to be deflected laterally from the nozzle. Inthe applied position of the nozzle within the chamber 15 the flange 17abuts the shoulder formed between the wide and narrow portions of thechamber with the pin 17 locking the nozzle against rotation. The nozzleis confined within the chamber by means of a. collar 18 which threadedlyengages the inner wall of the chamber in the manner shown and abuts theflange 17* so that the nozzle is locked against outward movement. Theinner end of the nozzle is provided with a stud 17 which functions tolib position a coiled expansible spring 19 that engages a ball valve 20for normally closing the adjacent end of the duct 15.

As shown in Fi res 1, 2 and 7, the vaorizing member comprises a tube 21ormed with a slot 21 which is co-extensive in length with the tube.Within the tube at opposite sides of the slot 21 two series ofperforations 21 are formed, with the perforationsof each series arrangedat regular spaced intervals throughout the length of the tube.Permanently secured within one end of the tube- 21 is a head 22 providedwith a stem 23 which is rotatably fitted within a screw plug 24. Theouter end of the plug 24 is provided with a transverse slot 24 asclearly shown in Figure 3 and into this slot is adapted to removably fita. locking lip 25 formed on a handle 25 which is fixed to the stem 23 bya in 26. a

In Figure 1, I have il ustrated a conventional form of oil engine, thecylinder head of which is provided at diametrically opposite points withsuitable openings for the reception of the atomizing and vaporizingmembers. In the applied position of these members to the cylinder head,the vaporizing member V is inserted into the largest opening of thecylinder head so that it extends almost entirely across the door of thecylinder. In this applied position the tube 21 rotatabl fits within thecylinder opening, with tile plug 24 threadedly engaging the walls of theopening in the manner clearl shown in Figure 2. Adjacent this cylin eropening, the walls of the cylinder are provided with recesses 27 intowhich is adapted to fit a locking key 28 for locking the handle 25against rotation in one direction. The atomizing member A is threadedlyfitted Within the other opening of the cylinder head a nut 17 beingformed at the outer end of the body 15 to facilitate the application orremoval of the atomizing member to or from the cylinder head. Asapplied, the nozzle 17 is partly inserted into the adjacent end of thetube 21 of the vaporizing member in the manner clearly shown in Figures2 and 5. With the atomizing and vaporizing membe s so assembled, it willbe clear that the slots 21 of the tube 21 can be moved into or out ofregistration with the recess 17 of the nozzle 17 by manual manipulationof the handle 25. In order to eii'ect this adjustment, the handle 25 ispulled outwardly from the cylinder so as to remove the locking lip 25from the slot 24 and by removing the key 28 from the cylinder, it willbe clear that the handle 25 can now be rotated and by such rotation thetube 21 can be moved to cause the slot 21 to aline or disaline withrespect to the recess 17 The tube can be locked in either of thesepositions by re-applying the key 28 to that recess 27 disposed adjacentone of the arms of the handle plied to the atomizin 25 so as to lock thehandle against rotation in one direction.

In operation, the vaporizing member is initially heated before-insertioninto the cylinder whereupon oil under pressure is supmember A throughthe pipe 16. As the 01 leaves the pipe 16 it enters the duct 15 andbecause of its pressure opens the valve-20 where it traverses thechamber 15 and enters the nozzle 17 through the duct 17 a As the oilleaves the duct 17 it impinges upon the inclined wall of the recess 17where 'it is atomized and deflected laterally toward the tube 21. Whenthe tube 21 is in the position shown in the drawings the atomized oil isejected directly to the cylinder through the slot 21. However, when thetube is rotated by means of the handle 25 so that the recess 17 isdisa-lined with respect to the slot 21, the atom ized oil impinges uponthe inner side of the tube where it is vaporized before entering thecylinder. The tube 21 is adjusted to cause the atomized oil to impingeupon its inner side when starting the engine or when the engine isWorking under a light load. However, when the engine is working under aheavy load and the introduction of large quantities of oil into thecylinder is necessary, the tube is rotated to allow of the oil beingrojected directly into the cylinder. It Wlll manifest. that the movementof the tube 21 to either of its two positions can be effected while theen ine is in operation so that should the loa be changed from a light toa heavy, or vice versa, the tube can be adjusted accordingly to providefor this change in load, and without the necessityof stopping theengine.

Although I have herein shown and described only one form of combinedatomizer and vaporizer embodying my invention, it will be understoodthat various changes and modifications may be made herein withoutdeparting from the spirit of'the invention or the spirit and scope ofthe appended claims.

What I claim is:

1. A vaporizing member comprising, an elongated slotted member, andmeans adapted to rotatably support the member within the head of acylinder.

2. In combination, an engine cylinder, an atomizing member extendinginto the cylinder for injecting atomized fuel into the cylinder, and avaporizing member comprising, a slotted element rotatably supportedwithin the cylinder to occupy one position in which the fuel from theatomizing member is injected interiorly of the slotted member andanother position in which the fuel passes through the slot of theslotted member and into direct contact with the walls of the cylinder.

3. In combination, an engine cylinder, an atomizing member extendinginto the cylinseam inder for injecting atomized fuel into the cylinder,and a vaporizing member comprising, a slotted element rotatablysupported within the cylinder to occupy one position in which t e fuelfrom the atomlzing member is injected interiorly of the slotted member,and another position in which the fuel passes through the slot of theslotted member and into direct contact with the walls of the cylinder,and means operable from a point exteriorly of the cylinder for movingthe vaporizing member to either of its positions.

4:. In combination, an engine cylinder, an atomizing member extendinginto the cylinder for injecting atomized fuel into the cylinder, and avaporizing member comprising, a slotted element rotatably supportedwithin the cylinder to occupy one positio in which the fuel from theatomizing member is injected interiorly of the slotted member, andanother position in which the fuel passes through the slot of theslotted member and into direct contact with the walls of the cylinder,means operable from a point exteriorly of the cylinder for moving thevaporizing member to either of its positions, and means for locking thevaporizing member in either of its positions.

5. An atomizing member comprising, a body having a duct formed thereinand a chamber communicating with the duct, a nozzle within the chamber,a flange formed on the inner end of the nozzle, a pin engageable withthe flange and with said body for locking the nozzle against rotationWithin the chamber, a collar threadedly fitted within the body andengageable with said flange for locking the nozzle against displacement,a recess formed in the nozzle, a duct formed in the nozzle andestablishing communication between the chamber and said recess, and aspring pressed valve within the chamber and controlling the adjacent endof the body duct.

6. A vaporizing member comprising, a tubular element formedlongitudinally with a co-extensive slot and perforations in the elementadjacent the slot, a head fixed within one end of the element, a stemformed on said head, an actuating handle fixed to said stem, a plugrotatably and slidably fitted on said stem, and coacting means formed onthe plug and handle for locking the stem against rotation with respectto the plug."

7. In combination, an engine cylinder having the cylinder head thereofformed with an opening, and a vaporizing member comprising, a slottedtubular element rotatably mounted in the opening and extending into thecylinder, a head fixed within one end of the element, a plug removablyfitted Within the opening of the cylinder head, a stem formed on saidhead and rotatably and slidably fitted with-in said plug, a handlesustained on the stem, and co-acting means formed on the plug and handlefor locking the handle against rotation.

8. In combination, an engine cylinder having the cylinder head thereofformed with an opening, and a vaporizing member comp-rising a slottedtubular element rotatably mounted in the opening and extending into thecylinder, a head fixed Within one end of the element, a plug removablyfitted within the opening of the cylinder head,.a stem formed on saidhead and rotatably and slidably fitted within said plug, a handlesustained on the stem, and co-acting means formed on the plug and handlefor locking the handle agalnst rotation, recesses formed in the cylinderhead, and a locking key insertable in said recesses and engageablewithsaid handle for the purpose described.

9. In combination, an engine cylinder having the cylinder head thereofformed with openings at diametrically opposite points, an atomizingmember extending into the head through one of the openings, and avaporizing member extending into the heads through the other of theopenings, said vaporizing member comprising a screw plug fitted Withinthe correspondin opening, a stem rotatably and slidably fitted in saidplug, a slotted tubular element sustained on the stem and receiving oneend of the atomizing member, and an actuating handle rigidly attached tosaid stem and disposed exteriorly of the cylinder for actuating thetubular element.

10. In combination, an engine cylinder having openings formed therein atdiametrically opposite points, atomizing members extending into thecylinder through one of the openings, and a vaporizing mem ber extendinginto the cylinder through the other opening, said vaporizing memberincluding a screw plug fitted within the corresponding opening andhaving a slot formed in the vouter end thereof, a stem rotatably andslidably fitted in the screw plug, a head formed on the inner end of thestem and adapted to engage said plug to provide an air-tight jointbetween the cylinder and the plug, a slotted tubular element sustainedon the head and receiving the inner end of the atomizing member, anactuating handle on the outer end of the stem, a lip carried by saidhandle and adapted to fit in said slot for the purpose described.

ARTHUR omens smrn.

